I don't think that the definition of an "atheist" is "someone who believes in nothing". An atheist is someone who does not believe in the existence of a god or gods, as the term itself suggests (compare to "monotheism" - belief in one god, and "polytheism" - belief in many gods). An atheist, therefore, has a set of beliefs, but at the top of his pyramid you won't find a god, but something else (rationalism, science etc.).
I consider myself an atheist, and I can personally admit that to an objective observer who will try to compare my motivation to believe that there is no god to the motivation of a religious person to believe that there is a god, both motivations will bear some resemblance. At the very core, they're both irrational, since they're both based not upon empiric data and knowledge, but upon a "hunch", if you will. This "hunch" is the tool through which both the atheist and the religious person interpret the world. An earthquake, for instance, can be a sign of God's wrath (as an Israeli Knesset member from a ultra-religious party claimed recently), or it can be a result of geological activity with no moral value (As I believe).
As an atheist, I think the fundamental difference between an atheist and a person who believes in the existence of a god or gods lies in the "burden of proof". If I'm to believe that a god exists, I need to see a solid proof to that existence, that will lead to the inevitable conclusion that there is a god (mind you: it needs to be a positive proof, and not a proof that wil say, by way of elimination, "there's no other known explanation to account for a certain phenomenon"). The religious person, on the other hand, needs to see a positive and solid proof that there isn't any god. I don't believe that either proof can be found, and that the debate is pretty much at a deadlock. It's all a matter of belief.