The amount of force needed to stop a truck depends on two things:
- The mass of the truck
- How quickly you want to stop it, that is, by how much do you want it to slow down each second.
The mass of a heavier truck is larger than the mass of a lightly loaded one. Assuming that both trucks are moving at the same speed, and that you want to stop them within the same time, then you're going to need to apply more force directly in proportion to the difference in masses. For example, if the heavier truck is twice as massive as the lighter one, you're going to have to apply twice as much force to stopit in the same amount of time. Conversely, if you apply the same amount of force, it's going to take twice as long to come to a stop as the light truck.
This is due to Newton's second law of motion: F=ma. Here, F is the force, m is mass, and a is acceleration, that is, the rate of change in velocity (speed).
Note that the same applies for speeding up the trucks as well: It takes twice as much force to get the trucks to go from rest to, say, 50 miles per hour in the same amount of time.
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