How do you take a photograph of a monument without people in it.

The key is a very slow shutter speed.  You must set your camera on a tripod and place it in shutter priority mode (the setting where you set the shutter speed).  By using a slow shutter speed, anything in the photograph that moves will magically disappear.  I'm not sure what shutter speed is required.  But you can experiment.  start with 2 seconds and work your way up to slower shutter speeds from there.  Hope this at least gets you started.

You can always use photoshop or any other graphics software to clean out any people or details that you don't want to see in your photo.

You wait, and wait, and wait, and wait . . . Sorry. I couldn't resist.

It really does take patience and planning but I have found that if you use the widest angle lens possible it allows you to get as close as possible to the building resulting in fewer people to contend with in the viewing screen.

Of course if you get too close you may have to lean the camera upward to get the whole building which results in keystoning, but this is pretty easy to get rid of with software these days.

I try never to shoot at anyone's well meaning answer, but I do not think the the slow shutter speed will work. At shutter speeds of several minutes even tiny breezes blowing on your camera will add up to camera shake. If a person stays in your field of view just a few minutes he or she will still show up - even if just as a ghost.

But the biggest problem I see with that one is that (you did say a daylight picture) even at a very low ISO of 100 at f16 your shutter speed will be about 1/125 of a second. It is not likely you will be able to get a several minute exposure - even if you add neutral density filters over your lens.

Whatever you try please let me know how it turns out. I may learn something here.