You talking about retail banks or investment bank?
retail banks make money by underwriting loans. Clients deposit money in their saving accounts and earn a low interesting rate. Banks lend these money to clients in mortgage, car loans...etc and charge a higher interest rate.
Investment banks provide service and earn fees. They are just like lawyers or other professionals. The slightly difference is that they offer services in financial market, such as raising capital for companies, helping companies to get listed..etc. Besides, their sales and trading department makes big money by speculating in the market too.