Types of atoms

how many types of atoms are there?


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If atoms refers to chemical elements, then there are 117 identified types of atoms.  (Chemical elements 1-116 and 118 have been discovered.)  (WebElements Periodic Table)

If atoms refers to nuclei (combinations of protons and neutrons), then there are 3,165 identified types of atoms.  (NuDat 2 Description, under "Total number of nuclei")


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Hoe many types of Atoms are there? Do you know?


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Well, if you will look at a periodic teble of elements you will see that there are approximately 118 unique elements, the last 20 or so being made in the laboratory and we haven't really found them in nature.  A good resource for looking at a periodic table is:

http://www.webelements.com


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I'm your friend until you prove otherwise.

We don't know.  No one could.

We have 92 currently known NATURALLY OCCURRING elements and 24 artificial elements. 

However, when someone using a particle accelerator smacks lighter nuclei into each other, and devise heavier than ^92^U^238^ elements, they tend to be decidedly unfriendly.  ^94^Pu^239^ is used to make nuclear weapons, but is more miserable to separate from ^94^Pu^241^ than it is to separate ^92^U^235^ from ^92^U^238^.  How, I refuse to say.

To date, we have documented 2,049 isotopes, and another 223 postulated elements, then we begin a physicist's nightmare talking about positive and negative exotics -- respectively heavier and lighter than our space/time will allow to exist here.

Exotic elements include some truly bizarre lightweights like Positronium (Ps): postulated to be a positron and electron in orbit around each other.  In our space, it doesn't stand a prayer: it is like playing marbles encased in cold road tar.

In lower-dimensional space, Ps and other exotics don't have the C limitation to fret over.  In our heavy space, the positron and electron move a few angstroms at a time (maintaining .92C) and change back and forth to high-energy gamma radiation. 

In higher-dimsnsional space, our baryons compact down a full dimension, showing a whole range of elements that would fly apart here.  Mass that comes in from higher dimensional space, of course, comes instantly apart at the seams, resulting in gamma-ray bursts.  Note also that our weakest fundamental force, gravity, comes from higher dimensions and is but a weak signal by the time it arrives here. 

Just remember that E=MC^2 applies to all dimensions, not just ours.


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