Question 1 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Which of the following is true?
Fertilization usually takes place in the uterus.
Women can get pregnant only on the day of ovulation.
Males produce an average of 300 million sperm a day.
Sperm survive for only one day after intercourse.
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Question 2 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
During the period of the zygote, the ________ will become the ________.
amnion; amniotic ?uid
trophoblast; brain and spinal cord
chorion; placenta and umbilical cord
embryonic disk; embryo
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Question 3 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The period of the zygote lasts about ________, beginning with ________.
3 months; fertilization
3 months; implantation
2 weeks; fertilization
2 weeks; implantation
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Question 4 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The _________encloses the developing organism in amniotic ?uid.
blastocyst
trophoblast
chorion
amnion
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Question 5 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The umbilical cord rarely tangles during pregnancy because the:
thickness of the amniotic fluid does not allow the cord to float freely in the uterus.
walls of the cord are much too rigid for it to knot.
cord is simply too short to knot.
force of blood flowing through the cord keeps it firm.
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Question 6 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The period of the embryo lasts from:
fertilization until the beginning of the second week of pregnancy.
months four to six of pregnancy.
implantation until the eighth week of pregnancy.
the last three months of pregnancy.
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Question 7 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
During the period of the embryo, the ________ folds over to form the ________.
blastocyst; digestive tract
mesoderm; lungs
ectoderm; the neural tube
chorion; placenta
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Question 8 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The most rapid prenatal changes take place during the period of the _________, whereas the rate of body growth is greatest during the period of the _________.
embryo; fetus
zygote; fetus
zygote; embryo
fetus; embryo
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Question 9 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
As early as the third month of pregnancy,
the fetus can suck its thumb.
vernix covers the skin of the fetus.
the fetus has a good chance of survival outside of the uterus if born prematurely.
most of the brain’s neurons are in place
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Question 10 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
At the end of the second trimester, nearly all of the brain’s ________ are in place. However the brain’s ________ continue to increase at a rapid rate throughout pregnancy and after birth.
glial cells; neurons
neural tubes; neurons
neurons; neural tubes
neurons; glial cells
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Question 11 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The age of viability occurs sometime between the ________ week of pregnancy.
19th and 23rd
28th and 32nd
25th and 29th
22nd and 26th
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Question 12 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Research shows that ________ in the last weeks of pregnancy predicts a more active infant in the ?rst month of life.
high maternal stress
vigorous exercise
a reduction in caffeine use
higher fetal activity
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Question 13 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The period of the ________ is the time when serious defects from teratogens are most likely to occur because ________ this time.
zygote; implantation occurs during
embryo; the foundations for all body parts are laid down during
fetus; the prenatal organism is developing most rapidly during
fetus; birth takes place soon after
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Question 14 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Aspirin use during pregnancy:
is linked to low birth weight and infant death.
has not been associated with any negative effects.
is safe among healthy mothers under the age of 35 years.
offers some protection against infections during the first few months of life.
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Question 15 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The likelihood of negative effects due to smoking during pregnancy
are reduced immediately if the mother decides to stop smoking.
are reduced immediately if the mother decides to smoke occassionally.
are reduced only if the mother stops before the period of the embryo.
are not reduced if the mother stops smoking, because the damage has likely already been done.
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Question 16 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Research on fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) indicates that:
the mental impairment done by heavy, regular alcohol use during pregnancy is reversible if the child is raised in an intellectually stimulating environment.
all fetuses are equally vulnerable to the damaging effects of prenatal alcohol exposure.
even mild drinking is associated with reduced head size and body growth.
FAS babies catch up to age-mates in physical size when provided with enriched diets.
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Question 17 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Which of the following is true regarding HIV and AIDS?
In South Africa, one-fourth of all pregnant women are HIV-positive.
Drugs have not yet been successful in reducing the likelihood of prenatal AIDS transmission.
HIV-positive pregnant women invariably pass HIV to their babies.
The number of women infected with HIV has decreased in the past decade.
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Question 18 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
________ supplementation during pregnancy greatly reduces the likelihood of ________.
Calcium; skeletal abnormalities
Folic acid; neural tube defects
Vitamin C; maternal high blood pressure
Iron; premature birth
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Question 19 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
Problems during pregnancy are most likely to occur if an Rh–negative mother is carrying her:
second Rh–positive baby.
first Rh–negative baby.
first Rh–positive baby.
second Rh–negative baby.
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Question 20 (Multiple Choice Worth 1 points)
The more information a pregnant woman seeks about pregnancy, childbirth, and parenting:
the more likely she is to form an emotional attachment to her fetus during pregnancy.
the less likely she is to consult her own parents for advice on pregnancy and child rearing.
the less likely she is to view her obstetrician or her child’s pediatrician as a valuable source of information.
the more confident she tends to feel about her own ability to be a good mother.
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