You went way overboard, but it's still repairable. The knobs would have come off with an allen wrench or small screwdriver, then you could have slipped off the cover to get to the mechanism inside.
At this point, you need to get the covers off of the mechanism, but by breaking the knobs, you may have made it harder. Look to see if the covers slide off, or you may need to remove a screw or two that's holding them in place, or press in a little latch.
Different knob and lock sets have different ways of holding knobs and covers together, so you'll have to look hard for something that may be extremely small to allow it to move.
Once the cover is off, look to see is something is jamming the mechanism, keeping the key from turning. If not, take a screwdriver, insert the end of it into the mechanism and see if you can turn the key from the other side, or if the lock bolt will slide into the door.
If neither of those things are possible, you may have to disassemble the lock in a way it wasn't meant to be taken apart. You're on your own at this point and have to figure out what to do to get the lock apart without breaking the wood of the door where the bolt runs through. The wood is thin there, so don't try using a crowbar or anything. Think hacksaw.
