In terms of Independent or Non-incorporated artists, a bank account is set up in the name of the band; DBA [Doing Business As] - The Band Name.
Each member typically has equal access to this account and it is used for band related expenses, as well as to deposit profits from merchandise sales, CD Sales, and performance revenue.
Payments from all of these profit revenues are deposited in the account and only withdrawn for band related expenses.
However, this is only the case until the band is picked up or signed to a label, in which it becomes a lot more complicated, as was alluded to above [i.e. Royalties go to song writer / composer].
I do not know how the Beatles profit margins were divided, however in most cases individual shares of the profit are contracted at the beginning of a bands relationship; either the relationship between each other, or the relationship with their respective label.